Small bowel obstruction (SBO) |
Adhesion (most common cause) Hernias (2nd most common cause, but most common in patients with a virgin abdomen) Extrinsic causes: Intra-abdominal abscess Hematoma Annular pancreas Endometriosis Malrotation with Ladd's band Midgut volvulus Carcinomatosis or tumor encasement from nonsmall bowel source Superior mesenteric artery syndrome Intussusception Intrinsic causes: Small bowel tumors Congenital: small bowel atresia, stenosis, mesenteric cyst, Meckel diverticulum Inflammatory obstruction: meconium ileus, gallstone ileus, foreign body (bezoars) |
Large bowel obstruction |
Extrinsic: volvulus, adhesions, hernia, endometriosis Intrinsic: colon cancer, ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis, radiation enteritis Intraluminal: meconium ileus, intussusception, fecal impaction, foreign body, barium |